Throwing Pi

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In this calculus activity, learners use a classic problem of geometrical probability to find an important mathematical constant (pi). Learners explore Buffon’s needle problem (which asks the probability of a needle hitting a line if it is thrown at a group of evenly spaced parallel lines) by physically throwing toothpicks and graphing the results.

Quick Guide

Preparation Time:
Under 5 minutes
Learning Time:
10 to 30 minutes
Estimated Materials Cost:
$1 - $5 per group of students
Age Range:
Ages 14 - 18
Resource Type:
Activity
Language:
English

Materials List (per group of students)

  • toothpicks of the same size
  • paper
  • ruler (optional)
  • protractor (optional)
  • graph paper (optional)

Keywords

Subjects

  • Mathematics
    • Algebra
      • Equations and Inequalities
      • Variables and Expressions
    • Data Analysis and Probability
      • Data Analysis
      • Data Collection
      • Data Representation
      • Probability
    • Geometry
      • Plane Geometry
    • Number and Operations
      • Fractions
      • Operations
    • Representation
  • The Nature of Technology
    • The Design Process
      • Problem Solving
  • The Nature of Science
    • The Scientific Process
      • Conducting Investigations
      • Gathering Data
      • Formulating Explanations
      • Communicating Results

Audience

To use this activity, learners need to:

  • see
  • touch

Learning styles supported:

  • Involves hands-on or lab activities

Other

This resource is part of:

Access Rights:

  • Free access

By:

  • Yu, Julie

Rights:

  • All rights reserved, Exploratorium, 2009

Funding Sources:

  • National Science Foundation, 0610238
  • National Science Foundation, 0925383